View source for Collectio Caesaraugustana I

{{DISPLAYTITLE:The ''Collectio Caesaraugustana'' – the first version}}

The ''Collectio Caesaraugustana'' was compiled in southern France or in Catalonia circa 1120, almost certainly for use in Catalonia. It contains a forgery attributed to pope Leo I, ''Quali pertinacia'' (JL † 446), which rejects the claims of Arles to primacy in France; the same text is also found in the collection of the Ms Madrid, BN 11548 (canon 224). The ''Caesaraugustana'' also contains at the end of book 2 a forgery attributed to pope Nicholas I and adressed to Radulfus, archbishop of Bourges (843–866) with explicit reference to the bishoprics of Narbonne and Bourges (JE † 2765). Since the archbishop of Bourges began to call himself primate of Aquitaine in 1120, the ''Caesaraugustana'' was probably compiled approximately at that date. A number of texts in the ''Exceptiones Petri'', which is thought to have been compiled in Valence or Die, may have been taken from the first version of the ''Caesaraugustana.''

The ''Caesaraugustana'' is dependent on a form of the Ivonian Decretum which contained more texts than any one of the copies which has survived. Since none of the Ivonian collections can be dated with any degree of accuracy, however, this fact is of limited use in dating the ''Caesaraugustana''. It also used the ''Tripartita'' and the collection in the Ms Paris, Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal 713. Martin Brett has established that the compiler used a version of the Decretum which contained more of the material from the Ms Paris Arsenal 713 than any surviving copy. This is obvious in the choice of excerpts from the letters of pope Nicholas I. The most recent text is a decree ot the council of Benevento 1108 (JL 6613). It is generally accepted that there is a relationship between the first version of the ''Caesaraugustana'' and the ''Polycarpus'', but the nature of the relationship is controversial. The same is true of the relationship between the ''Caesaraugustana'' [S. 240]  and the collection in the Ms Turin, BNU D. IV. 33. The compiler also drew on the collections of Anselm of Lucca and Deusdedit making it the first collection to combine the material in the collections of Chartres with that of the most recent collections in central and northern Italy.

There are three versions of the ''Caesaraugustana''. The first version is found in the Mss Salamanca, Biblioteca universitaria 2664, fol. 1r–144r, and Paris, BN lat. 3875. The Salamanca manuscript was used as the basis for the present analysis ({{Coll|CA}}). The copy of the ''Caesaraugustana'' in the Ms Salamanca is divided into fifteen books. This copy was for a time in the possession of a charterhaus near Saragossa, hence the name ''Caesaraugustana''. Four inserted folios, numbered i–iv, contain the first 59 canons of a separate copy of the collection. In the present analysis the text of the Salamanca copy of the ''Caesaraugustana'' was collated with that of the second version (see below p. 242).

The copy in the Ms Paris, BN lat. 3875 ('''CP''') was made at the monastery of St. Maria at Ripoll, the largest monastery in Catalonia. It may contain an earlier version of the text than the Ms Salamanca because the sequence of the canons is closer to that in the Ivonian Decretum. The canons are not divided into books. The Paris copy is not incomplete. It contains only the texts corresponding to the contents of the first thirteen books of the Ms Salamanca, and Martin Brett is convinced that the 14th and 15th books did belong to the original form of the collection. The canons corresponding to the 11th book are found at the end of the 13th book. Space is left free after the ''Constitutum Constantini'' (2. 71) and after the election decree of Nicholas II (4. 72). Detlev Jasper has shown that this version of the election decree of Nicholas II is the same as that in the ''Panormia''. Otherwise, according to Brett, there is no sign that the ''Panormia'' was used.

A reference to what may have been a copy of the ''Caesaraugustana'' is found in a 12th century catalogue listing the possessions of the canonry Saint-Victor in Marseilles. In this catalogue there is mention of two ''volumina'' which begin with ''„De ra…“''. This could be a reference to the rubric of the 1st book of the collection: ''De ratione et auctoritate et que cui sit preponenda.'' The monastery at Ripoll was dependent from 1069 to 1131 on the canonry Saint-Victor, and the libraries of both profited from the relationship.

Late copies of the first version of the ''Caesaraugustana'' are found in the Mss: Vat. Barb. lat. 897 and Vat. lat. 4976, the latter of which  [S. 241] contains canons 1. 1–10. 49. The Ms Salamanca, Universidad Civil 81, fol. 288r–297r, contains canons 1. 1–54, 2. 11–12 and 2. 14–16.

The first 10 books in the Ms Salamanca have book titles: 1.) ''De ratione et auctoritate et que cui sit preponende''; 2.) ''De Romane ecclesie privilegiis''; 3.) ''De metropolitanis et episcopis''; 4.) ''De variis delictis et officiis episcoporum et clericorum''; 5.) ''De iudiciis ecclesiasticis''; 6.) ''De iurando et periurio''; 7.) ''De sacrilegiis et de privilegiis ecclesiarum''; 8.) ''De vita clericorum et nominis interpretatione''; 9.) ''De vita et officio monachorum''; 10.) ''De nuptiis et virginibus.'' The titles of the last 5 books refer only to the first canons in each book: 11.) ''Quod sacrificium altaris verum corpus Christi sit''; 12.) ''Qualiter rudes predicari debeant''; 13.) ''Quod in unica catholica ecclesia vera Christi hostia immolatur''; 14.) ''De hereticis et schismaticis et quid distet heresis a schismate''; 15.) ''De damnatione Constantini et reordinatione eorum qui ab eo fuerunt ordinati.'' Each of the 15 books has a ''capitulatio.''

The last canon of the ''Caesaraugustana'' in the Ms Salamanca is taken from the ''Visio Eucherii''. This text narrates the vision of Eucherius who saw the tomb of Charles Martel at Saint-Denis blackend by hell fire. Pippin, shaken by what he saw, determined to return as much of the church property alienated by his father as possible. It is the same form of that text used by the compiler of the ''Collectio Atrebatensis''. Had the compiler spent time in northern France in the circle of canonists associated with Chartres? Probably.

The first version of the ''Caesaraugustana'' was used at the end of the 12th century by the compiler of the collection of the Ms Naples, BN Vittorio Emanuele II Cod. XII. A. 27.

= Literature: =

See {{Author|Fournier – Le Bras}}, Histoire 2.269–284. Also {{Author|Fournier}}, Les collections canoniques attribuées à Yves de Chartres, pp. 416–426; reprinted in his Mélanges 1 pp. 597–607. See also Eloy {{Author|Tejero}}, El matrimonio en la Collectio Caesaraugustana, in: Proceedings of the 7th ICMCL, pp. 115–134; {{Author|Idem}}, „Ratio“ y Jerarquia de Fuentes Canonicas en la Caesaraugustana, in: Hispania Christiana. Estudios en honor del Prof. Dr. Jose Orlandis Rovira en sua septuagesimo aniversario, ed. by Eloy {{Author|Tejero}} (Pamplona 1988), pp. 303–322. – For the Ms Salamanca 81 see F. {{Author|Marcos Rodrígez}}, Tres manuscritos del siglo XII con colecciónes canónicas, Analecta sacra Tarraconensia 32 (1959), pp. 35–54 bzw. p. 48–53. See also Antonio {{Author|Garcia y Garcia}}, Canonistica Hispanica III, Traditio 26 (1970), p. 457. For the late copies see {{Author|Kuttner}}, Some Roman manuscripts, p. 23. – For the decree of Nicholas II see {{Author|Jasper}}, Das Papstwahldekret, pp. 11 n. 38 and 92. – For the library catalogue of Saint-Victor see Louis {{Author|de Mas Latrie}}, Catalogue des ouvrages composant [S. 242]  la bibliothèque de l’abbaye de St-Victor au XIIe siècle, in: Collection de documents inédits sur l’histoire de France, Mélanges historiques 1 (Paris 1841), p. 663. – For the relationship between the ''Caesaraugustana'', the collection in the Ms Paris Arsenal 713, the ''Polycarpus'' and the Ivonian Decretum see {{Author|Brett}}, The sources, pp. 160–167. See also {{Author|Horst}}, Die Kanonessammlung Polycarpus passim. For the ''Caesaraugustana'' and the ''Exceptiones Petri'' see Stephan {{Author|Kuttner}} and Wilfried {{Author|Hartmann}}, A new version of Pope John VIII’s decree on sacrilege (Council of Troyes, 878), BMCL 17 (1987), p. 28. For the ''Caesaraugustana'' and the collection of the Ms Turin see {{Author|Somerville}}, Pope Urban II, p. 197 n. 37. The use of sources from both Italy and northern France is apparent in the use, side by side, of the Ivonian expression ''Pandectarum'' in the inscription of canon 10. 12. 1 and the Italian expression m ''Digestorum'' in the inscription of canon 10. 12. 3. – For the forgery JL † 446 see MGH Epp. 3. 91. – For the collection in the Ms Madrid, BN 11548 see Gérard {{Author|Fransen}}, Une collection canonique de la fin du XIe siècle, RDC 10/11 (1960/1961), pp. 136–156. For the Ms Naples see Norbert {{Author|Martin}}, ‚Mare uitreum‘ (Neapel, Bibl. naz. MS XII.A.27): Eine Quelle der „Compilatio decretorum“ des Kardinals Laborans, BMCL 15 (1985), pp. 51–59. – {{Author|Kéry}}, Canonical Collections, pp. 260–262.