{{Infobox collection
| century = saec. VIII
| title = Collectio Burgundiana
| alttitle1 = Sammlung der burgundischen Handschrift ({{Author|Maassen}})
| size = medium (500 to 1000 canons)
| generalregion = France
| structure = farrago
| mss = one
| author1 = [[User:SMeeder|Sven Meeder]]
}}

The ''Collectio Burgundiana'' is a collection of (excerpts from) authoritative canonical texts, including conciliar canons, papal letters, penitential decrees, monastic rules, and patristic works. It survives in only one manuscript, now in the Royal Library in Brussels: [https://uurl.kbr.be/1351155 Bruxelles, KBR, 8780-8793]. In fact, it appears that the ''Burgundiana'' seems to span the entire manuscript, which means that it includes a penitential section (also known as the ''Paenitentiale Burgundense'') and the brief collection known as the ''Scintillae''. Friedrich {{Author|Maassen}} astutely identified the collection as "die Sammlung der burgundischen Handschrift".
Kéry dates the compilation of the ''Collectio Burgundiana'' to the beginning of the eighth century, following Maassen's assessment that the absence of clear Theodorian influence can be regarded as proof for a date of composition before the second half of
the eighth century. However, it is also a possibility that the collection is contemporary to the manuscript in which it survives, the late eighth-, early ninth-century Brussels codex. In this case, the Brussels manuscript may form not only the sole witness to the collection but also its archetype.

==Manuscript==
[[File:Brussels_8780-93.jpg|200px|thumb|left|Opening of the ''Collectio Burgundiana'' in Brussels, BKR 8780-93]]
Brussels, KBR, MS 8780–8793 is a small, thick book, measuring 175 x 120 mm (ca. 125 x 77–88 mm), an easily transportable codex with generally well-prepared parchment of medium thickness. The manuscript counts 129 folios, on which several scribes worked, writing in a ligature-rich pre-Caroline script or an early Caroline minuscule. The pre-Caroline and early Caroline script appear to be contemporary and point to an eighth- or early ninth-century date. Both Lowe and Bischoff suggested a northern French or Belgian origin.
For more detailed information, see [[:Category:Manuscript of Collectio Burgundiana|here]] (number of entries: {{PAGESINCATEGORY:Manuscript of Collectio Burgundiana}}).

==Structure==
The manuscript (and, as such, the ''Burgundiana'') opens with 41 penitential rules. This so-called Paenitentiale Burgundense is the best witness (dicit {{Author|Rob Meens}}) of the group of ‘simple Frankish penitentials’ (''libri paenitentiales simplices'''), which possibly originates from a seventh-century Burgundian centre. It combines material from the penitential work of Columbanus with decrees from
ecumenical councils as well as Gallic synods, the most recent of which is the synod of Auxerre (585). It is followed by five rules from the ''Scintillae de canonibus uel ordinationibus episcoporum'', a "“small collection of canons from the Merovingian period” ({{Author|Till Stüber}}). Following the Scintillae, the manuscript presents canonical material from Gallic councils, starting with selected decrees from Tours (567), the full text of Auxerre (561–605), and – after excerpts from Gennadius of Marseille’s Liber
ecclesiasticorum dogmatum – selections from the third council of Lyon (585), Mâcon (581–583), Orléans (511), and Epaon (517). Perched in between selected canons from the Breviarium Hipponense (an abridgement of canons from Carthage [397]) and the conciliar acts of Clermont (535) and Agde (506), we find the monastic rules of Macharius and Caesarius of Arles. The Canones apostolorum and the Statuta ecclesiae antiqua follow, after which the manuscript presents the text of the ecumenical council of Gangra, a decretal by Innocent I, the acts of Nicaea, Laodicea, a treatise by Augustine, and the decrees of Carthage (419). A prayer to combat fever is added on the last folios.

The criteria by which the compiler of the Burgundiana worked have mostly eluded modern researchers. The scarcity of titles, the fact that many of the canonical works are not copied in full, and the fact that the material is not presented in a chronological order, ar-
gues against viewing the Collectio Burgundiana as some form of a historically structured canonical collection. Instead, the compiler seems to have selected canons according to his aims and context, as one would do for a systematically structured collection. The
sources have been stripped of the non-relevant canons but are still recorded in clusters from the same source and in their original order. They are not yet re-ordered, and there are hardly any descriptive headings. Yet, there are occasional hints of thematic clustering. In all, the selected canons specifically address the clerical duties and behaviour of (lower) clergy working in a local setting with a lay audience.

{| class=wikitable style="text-align: left; width: 600px;"
|+ Contents of the ''Burgundiana''
|-
| ''Paenitentiale Burgundense''
|-
| ''Scintillae de canonibus uel ordinationibus episcoporum''
|-
| Tours (567) c. 3, 4, 6, 8, 10b
|-
| Auxerre (561–605) c. 1–45
|-
| Ps-Gennadius of Marseille, ''Liber ecclesiasticorum dogmatum'' c. 41, 22–23
|-
| Lyon (585) c. 5
|-
| Mâcon (581–583) c. 6–8, 3, 5
|-
| ''Si seruus ecclesie – habere praecipimus''
|-
| Orléans (511) c. 1–3, 8–9, 25–26, 29–31
|-
| Innocent I, ''Ep. ad Vitricium'', §§ 7, 2–3 (partial)
|-
| Epaon (516) c. 22, 12–13, 9, 4
|-
| ''Breviarium Hipponense'' c. 1–4, 19, 20, 36 (partial)
|-
| ''Regula Macharii''
|-
| Caesarius of Arles, ''Regula ad monachos''
|-
| Clermont (535) c. 1–13, 15–16 (partial)
|-
| Agde (506) c. 12–19, 21–27, 32, 35–37, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47
|-
| ''Canones apostolorum''
|-
| ''Statuta ecclesiae antiqua''
|-
| Gangra (c. 341)
|-
| Innocent I, ''Ep. ad episcopum Decentium Gubbiensem'' (J3 701) §§ 4–12
|-
| Nicaea (325)
|-
| Nicene Creed
|-
| Sardica (342)
|-
| ''Epistula quae CCCXVIII episcopi Nicaeni transcripserunt, Omnino inter nos pariter uno ore consinsemus – liminibus arceatur''
|-
| Laodicea (ca. 363)
|-
| Augustine, ''Tractatus ad coniugatos'' c. 2
|-
| Carthage (419)
|-
| Oratio contra febrem
|}

==Literature==
{{Author|Sven Meeder}}, ‘More than the Sum of its Parts. The Existence of the Collectio Burgundiana’ in: Dominik Trump and Dominik Leyendecker (eds), ''Rechtshandschriften des frühen Mittelalters'' (Quellen und Forschungen zum Recht im Mittelalter, 15, Ostfildern, 2025), pp. 171–85; {{Author|Rob Meens}}, ''Penance in Medieval Europe, 600–1200'' (Cambridge 2014), p. 76; {{Author|Till Stüber}}, Die ‘Scintillae de canonibus uel ordinationibus episcoporum’. Eine kleine Kanonessammlung aus der Merowingerzeit, in: Frühmittelalterliche Studien 56 (2022), pp. 15–47; Maassen, Geschichte p. {{Maassen|636}}, Kéry Collections p. {{Kery|86}}; ''CLA'' 10, no. 1543 (as n. 2), p. 30; {{Author|Bernhard Bischoff}}, ''Katalog der festländischen Handschriften des neunten Jahrhunderts'', vol. 1 (Wiesbaden 1998), p. 156, no. 725;

[[Category:Stub]]
[[Category:Collection saec VIII]]
[[Category:Canonical Collection]]
[[Category:Collection not in Clavis database]]
[[Category:Canonical Collection]]

2024-07-12T14:32:32Z

SMeeder: Category:Collection belonging to Hibernensis group

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Collectio Sangermanensis XXI titulorum''}}
{{Infobox collection
| key = SG
| size = Small (100 to 500 canons)
| tpq = 780
| taq = 900
| century = saec. VIII
| location = Fleury, Northeastern France
| normregion = Northern France
| generalregion = Northwestern Europe
| specificregion = Fleury
| title = Collectio Sangermanensis XXI titulorum
| alttitle1 = Collectio Sangermanensis (Paris lat. 12444)
| alttitle2 = Sammlung der Handschrift von Saint-Germain (Maassen)
| author1 = Fowler-Magerl, Linda
}}
== Title ==
Other collections known as ''Sangermanenses'' are the one found in Wolfenbüttel, HAB, Gud. lat. 212 (also known as [[Collectio IX librorum in Wolfenbüttel, HAB, Gud. lat. 212|Wolfenbüttel 9L]]) and the [[Collectio canonum in Paris, BnF, lat. 12021|''Collectio canonum'' in Paris, BnF, lat. 12021]].

== The collection proper ==
The ''Collectio Sangermanensis'' is an 8th-century systematic collection heavily dependent on the ''[[Collectio Hibernensis|Hibernensis]]''. There are two copies. The copy in the Ms [[Paris, BnF, lat. 12444|Paris, BnF, lat. 12444]] (end of the 8th or beginning of the 9th century) was written at Fleury. A fragmentary copy in the Ms Munich, BSB, Clm 14508 (late 9th century, northeastern France) made its way to the monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg at an early date. It is divided into 41 books. There is a mixture of interpretations and canons. In the present analysis ({{Coll|SG}}) only the rubrics are recorded. An analysis was published by A. J. Nürnberger in 1890.

An edition, unknown to Fowler-Magerl in the first edition of her book, was published in 2004 by Michael {{Author|Stadelmaier}}. The ''Sangermanensis'' ({{Coll|SG}}) was newly added to the ''Clavis'' database from this edition; it is currently found in the beta version only: https://beta.mgh.de/databases/clavis/db/

== Literature ==
For the analysis of the ''Collectio Sangermanensis'' see A. J. {{Author|Nürnberger}}, Über eine ungedruckte Canonensammlung aus dem 8. Jahrhundert, 25. Bericht der wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft Philomathie in Neisse vom Oktober 1888 bis zum Oktober 1890 (Mainz 1890), pp. 118–197. Harald {{Author|Siems}}, Die Collectio Sangermanensis XXI titulorum – Kanonessammlung oder Unterrichtswerk?, in: Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 65 (2009), 1–28.

For an edition, see Michael {{Author|Stadelmaier}}, Die Collectio Sangermanensis XXI titulorum: eine systematische Kanonessammlung der frühen Karolingerzeit. Studien und Edition (Freiburger Beiträge zur mittelalterlichen Geschichte, 2004). – {{Author|Kéry}}, Collections p. {{Kery|82}}–83.

== Categories ==
* key is SG [[Category:Collection Key is SG]] [[Category:Collection]] [[Category:Collection belonging to Hibernensis group]]
* small (100 to 500 canons) collection [[Category:small (100 to 500 canons) collection]]
* from Fleury, Northeastern France [[Category:Collection from Fleury]] [[Category:Collection from Northern France]]
* saec. VIII [[Category:Collection saec VIII]]
* based on modern edition ({{Author|Stadelmaier}}) [[Category:Clavis entries based on modern edition]]
* New collection [[Category:New Collection]]

DEFAULTSORT "Collectio Sangermanensis 08th c" {{DEFAULTSORT:Collectio Sangermanensis 08th c}}

2023-01-03T15:30:55Z

SMeeder: /* Literature */

The canonical collection known as the ''Collectio 91 capitulorum'' is an unassuming collection of canonical materials, with apparently limited spread and influence. It is systematically arranged into 91 numbered statements. Lotte Kéry’s described the collection as an ‘unstructured collection of canonical materials’.[1] Paul Fournier was the first scholar to describe the collection in some detail and he dated the collection to sometime in the first two decades of the ninth century and located its composition somewhere in Gaul.

The arrangement of the 91 chapters is rather inscrutable: the individual chapters are marked only by their numbers, lacking titles or headings, and there is no introductory ''index titulorum'' either. Based on source material and character, one could divide the ''Collectio 91 capitulorum'' into two parts. The first part, with statements evidently designed to instruct the clergy (chapters 1-34), resembles an episcopal statute. This part, drawing on an unknown text (or texts), which also acted as a source for the ''Collectio canonum Laudunensis'' and the collection of forged capitularies by Benedictus Levita, is edited as the ''Capitula Vesulensia is edited by Rudolf Pokorny.'' The statements represent instructions for proper priestly behaviour, correct ritual celebration, and the education of the laity in religious discipline.

Following this first part (but without any indication of a break in numbering or appearance), chapters 35-91 present authoritative statements on more diverse topics. The statements are drawn from a variety of source texts, including ecumenical councils (in particular Antioch), royal capitularies (of Pippin III and Charlemagne), the penitential work of Theodore of Canterbury, canons from Gallic councils, and Pope Gelasius’s decretal. A major authority is the synod of Auxerre (573 x 603); the collection reproduces almost 38 of the synod’s 45 canons. The topics covered by the statements are likewise suited to local priests: the main concern seems to be the correct conduct and performance of the clergy.

Despite Kéry’s characterisation of the work as an ‘unstructured collection of canonical materials’, there are clusters of chapters discernable that are organised according to certain themes, testifying to a conscious editorial mind at work. These clusters cover the many duties of rural priests and laity quite comprehensively and address issues of non-christian practices (‘pagan’), the liturgical calendar, religious practice, burials, the Eucharist, baptism, marital rules, sexual morals of laity and clergy, and a few statements on monastic life:
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
!'''''cc.'''''
!
|-
|1-24
|Liturgy and the obligation to instruct the laity in religious discipline
|-
|25-35
|Correct priestly behaviour
|-
|36-46
|Nuns and women
|-
|47-62
|Correct performance of liturgical rites and prohibition of non-sanctioned rituals
|-
|63-70
|Priestly purity (and prohibition to sue clerics in secular courts)
|-
|71-73
|Abbots and monks
|-
|74-75
|Death
|-
|76-81
|Marriage and consanguinity
|-
|82-89
|Correct liturgy (especially purity)
|-
|90-91
|Incest
|}
Almost all of the chapters contain directives, rules, guiding principles, and admonitions directed at secular clerics, especially priests, operating at the grassroots level of society, in a pastoral context.

=== Manuscript ===
The ''Collectio 91 capitulorum'' survives a single manuscript, currently housed at the municipal library of Vesoul (Franche-Comté). Manuscript 79 (73) in the Bibliothèque municipale Louis Garret is a small, late tenth- or eleventh-century codex and contains what appears to be a combination of practical religious texts that dates to the ninth-century. The origin of the manuscript is unclear; it was obtained by the nuns of Faverney in 1776. The suggestion by Franz Bernd Asbach that the manuscript came from nearby Luxeuil is therefore quite uncertain.

In addition to our canonical collection, the codex contains a mix of texts that seem especially relevant to secular clergy serving local Christian communities, offering simple and brief texts explaining church dogma and guiding religious practice. Of interest are the ‘chapters from penitential books’, drawn from statements from the ''Excarpsus Cummeani'' and the Theodorian ''Paenitentiale Umbrense'' (fols 1v-28r), the so-called ''Paenitentiale additivum Ps.-Bedae-Egberti'' (fols 28v-42r), There is a fragment from the Gregorian ''Libellus responsionum'' (fols 42v-44r), before the ''Collectio 91 capitulorum'' is copied on folios 44r-53r, followed by a few statements on incest and marriage from the royal capitularies known as the ''Decretum Compendiense'' (a. 757) and the ''Decretum Vermeriense'' (a. 756) on folios 53r and 53v (possibly meant as an appendix to the collection). Next are an anonymous clerical interrogation on baptism, explaining the meaning of elements of this and other ecclesiastical rituals (fols 53v-57v), the so-called Fortunatus commentary on the Creed (57v-63r), brief ''Expositiones'' on Mass and Paternoster (63r-65v), and a further commentary on the Creed (65v-68v). A copy of Theodulf of Orléans’s first capitulary (68v-81r) follows, which constitutes the youngest datable text in the manuscript, written sometime between 798 and 818. The final text of the manuscript is a florilegium of canonical and patristic excerpts drawn from the ''[[Collectio canonum Sangermanensis]]'' (81r-87v).

The combination of texts in Vesoul 79 (73) seems considered and intentional, aimed at priests as a useful book for their daily religious and ritual duties. It is reasonable to assume that the combination of texts stems from the second quarter of the ninth century and that the eleventh-century manuscript from Vesoul is a faithful copy of a ninth-century codex, or, at least, part of one. It is possible, but unprovable, that the inferred ninth-century archetype shared the material characteristics with Vesoul 79 (73).

== Literature ==
Franz Bernd {{Author|Asbach}}, ''Das Poenitentiale Remense und der sogen. Excarpsus Cummeani: Überlieferung. Quellen und Entwicklung zweier kontinentaler Bußbücher aus der 1. Hälfte des 8. Jahrhunderts'', Unpubl. PhD thesis (Regensburg, 1975), 45.

Paul {{Author|Fournier}}, ‘Notices sur trois collections canoniques inédites de l’époque carolingienne’, reprinted in Paul Fournier, ''Mélanges de droit canonique'', ed. Theo Kölzer (Aalen, 1983), vol. II, 145-89.

Allen J. {{Author|Frantzen}}, ‘The Penitentials Attributed to Bede’, ''Speculum'' 58, no. 3 (1983), pp. 573–97, at 579.

Hubert {{Author|Mordek}}, ''Bibliotheca capitularium regum Francorum manuscripta: Überlieferung und Traditionszusammenhang der fränkischen Herrschererlasse'' (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Hilfsmittel, Munich, 1995), 894-5

Susan A. {{Author|Keefe}}, ''A catalogue of works pertaining to the explanation of the creed in Carolingian manuscripts'' (Instrumenta patristica et mediaevalia, 63, Turnhout, 2012), 376.

Lotte {{Author|Kéry}}, ''Canonical Collections of the Early Middle Ages (ca. 400-1140): a bibliographical guide to the manuscripts and literature'' (History of Medieval Canon Law, Washington, DC, 1999), 165-6.

Rudolf {{Author|Pokorny}}, MGH Capit. episc. 3.346-353: http://www.mgh.de/dmgh/resolving/MGH_Capit._episc._3_S._346.

Samuel {{Author|Schröder}}, ‘Priesterbild und Priesterbuch zwischen correctio und Kirchenreform: Beobachtungen zu Erklärungen von Messe und Veterunser in der Handschrift Vesoul 73’, Unpubl. M.A. thesis, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (Tübingen, 2020).

== Categories ==
* saec. IX (800x820) [[Category:Collection saec IX]]
* not in Clavis [[Category:Collection not in Clavis database]]
* this article is a stub [[Category:Stub]]
* DEFAULTSORT "Collectio 091 titulorum" {{DEFAULTSORT:Collectio 091 titulorum}}